Heat the oven to 170 C / 340 F. Butter a 22 cm / 9-inch springform pan and line the base with parchment.
Whisk together the fioretto, all-purpose flour, baking powder, and salt in a bowl. Set aside.
In a separate bowl, beat the butter and sugar with a hand mixer for 3 to 4 minutes until visibly pale and fluffy.
Add the eggs one at a time, beating well after each addition. Beat in the lemon zest.
Fold in the dry ingredients in two additions, alternating with the milk, mixing just until combined. The batter will be thick and speckled with buckwheat.
Scrape the batter into the prepared pan and smooth the top with a spatula.
Bake for 40 to 45 minutes, checking with a skewer at 38 minutes since buckwheat batter can look done on top while the center is still wet. It's ready when the skewer comes out clean and the top is golden brown and slightly cracked.
Cool in the pan for 10 minutes, then release the springform and transfer the cake to a rack to cool completely.
Dust with powdered sugar before slicing.